既有铁路钢桥常见病害成因分析及强化对策研究

Cause Analysis of Common Defects in Existing Railway Steel Bridges and Corresponding Strengthening Measures

我国铁路桥梁中钢桥占有一定的比重。由于既有钢桥建设年代跨越范围大,设计、建设标准不统一,结构类型多样,制造工艺和材质也不尽相同,加之桥涵的服役状态差异较大,以致在长期列车荷载作用和环境、自然因素的影响下,部分钢材出现了腐蚀、材质劣化和疲劳累积损伤等缺陷。本文通过对多座铁路钢桥的现场调研,根据病害产生部位及成因分析,对既有钢桥常见病害进行了梳理分类及相应的强化对策研究,对日后既有钢桥进行科学的检查和维修管理具有重要意义。

Steel bridges occupie a certain proportion in China railway bridges.These existing steel bridges were built in different years in accordance with different design and construction codes.Also,structural features,manufacturing technologies,material properties and service conditions were different.The long-term train loading and environmental effects have resulted in steel corrosion,degradation and fatigue.Field investigations were conducted on numerous railway steel bridges.Common defects in existing railway steel bridges were categorized based on their positions and causes,and the corresponding strengthening measures were proposed.They are meaningful for future inspection,repair and management of existing steel bridges.