毛泽东对马克思分配正义理论的承传与创新

Mao Zedong's Inheritance and Innovation of Marx's Theory of Distributive Justice

毛泽东在国民收入的分配上,把共同富裕作为一项重要原则。但是,他追求带有严重的平均主义倾向的共同富裕模式。其根源有四个方面:对马克思分配正义理论的理解不全面;受战争年代的平均主义经验的影响;片面追求结果平等的理想;其知识结构不合理。毛泽东分配正义思想启迪我们:必须在立足国情与实践的基础上,继承与发展马克思的分配正义理论;把公平与效率之间的张力控制在一个合理的范围内;恪守政治经济学意义、伦理意义上的分配正义理论的适用范围;适当拉开收入差距有利于激发社会活力。

When distributing the national income, Mao Zedong regards common prosperity as one of the important principles. However, he pursues the distribution mode of common prosperity with serious egalitarianism tendency. The source of his error lies in his partial understanding of Marx＇s theory, the effect of the war of the equalitarianism experience, the one - sided pursuit of the ideal of equality, and his improper structure of knowledge. Mao Zedong＇s thought of distributive justice has thrown enlightenments on us ： we shall inherit and develop Marx＇ s theory of distributive justice on the basis of national conditions and practice, control the tension of fairness and efficiency in a reasonable range, abide by the distributive justice theory＇s range of application in ethical significance and political economics significance, and appropriately widen the differences in personal income conducive to stimulating social vitality.