《国际食品法典》标准制定程序的合法性危机与应对

The Legitimacy Crisis and Countermeasures in the Formulation of International Food Safety Standards of the Codex

《国际食品法典》标准制定的"八步二读"程序强调协商一致决策规则,保障所有相关主体的利益被同等考量,确保法典标准的合法性。WTO成立后,法典标准法律地位得到增强,标准制定实践逐渐偏离协商一致规则,显现出透明度欠缺、参与度不足等问题从而面临合法性危机。修改完善程序规则,重视科学的基础作用,保障发展中国家及公共利益非政府组织广泛参与,增强公开透明度等是应对合法性危机的关键。

With the implementation mechanism of the WTO, the practice of approving the standards by consensus in the Codex have begun to change. There is the legitimacy crisis in the formulation process of the Codex. Therefore, firstly the formulation process of the Codex needs further improvement, especially its process of ＂eight steps and two readings＂ in order to promote the approval of international standards by consensus. Furthermore, the role and importance of science should be emphasized and paid much attention to. Lastly, it is necessary to help and support the developing countries and the NGOs of the public interest to improve their ability to participate in the Codex activities.