论女性被害原因及预防——以日常活动理论为视角

On the Causes of Female Victimization and the Prevention from the Perspective of Routine Activity Theory

日常活动理论为探究犯罪被害预防提供了方法论视角,其依据是犯罪活动的数量与分布,不仅与犯罪人的行为有关,而且与潜在被害人日常活动相关。暴露、吸引性、对危险的认知与防范之缺乏是女性被害的重要因素。在日常生活中,女性减少身体、情感及信息不当暴露,避免对犯罪不当吸引,提高被害预防意识及应激反应能力,合理控制情绪,正确处理人际交往行为,可有效减少和预防女性被害。

The routine activity theory provides a methodological perspective to study the victim prevention. The basis is that the number and distribution of criminal activities are closely related not only to the behavior of the perpetrator, but also to the daily activities of potential victims. Exposure of female daily lifestyle, identification of life features, and lack of perceived dangerousness and prevention capacity are the important factors of female victimization. The reducer of inappropriate exposure and improper attraction, improvement of perceived dangerousness and the ability to stress response, reasonable control of the emotions, and correctly handling interpersonal behavior can effectively reduce and prevent victimization of females.