城市化对土壤重金属铅空间分布的影响——以晋中盆地为例

Effects of Urbanization on Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metal Pb in Soil—A Case Study in the Jinzhong Basin

晋中盆地是山西省城市化发展较快的地区,这同时也对区域内的生态环境尤其是人类赖以生存的土壤环境产生了一定的影响。土壤重金属Pb含量是最能反映城市化对土壤影响程度的指标,故对重金属Pb进行了研究。在晋中盆地选取6个县市样地,沿各县市中心的正东、正西、正南、正北分别采集土壤,用火焰-石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪测定后,运用基本统计及地统计学方法对盆地内土壤Pb含量进行分析及克里金空间插值,得到盆地范围内土壤重金属Pb的空间分布特征。结果发现,盆地内土壤Pb含量整体分布较少,仅有太原市的部分区域超过了背景值;同时,盆地内土壤Pb含量在县市中心及其附近分布比较多,随着距县市中心及附近距离的增大,周围郊区、农村的土壤Pb含量逐渐减少,说明区域内城市化对盆地内的土壤重金属Pb的空间分布有一定的影响。

Jinzhong basin, the rapid urbanization areas in Shanxi province, the urbanization of which has a certain influence on the ecological environment,especially the soil environment for human survival. The content of heavy metal Pb in soil is an index, which can reflect better the impact of urbanization on soil. In this paper, some researches were done in this field. Overall, 6 cities in the Jinzhong basin were selected, soil sampling was carried out along each city center east, west, south and north. Then samplings were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Finally, it gave a descriptive statistic, geostatistics analysis and kriging spatial interpolation of heavy metal Pb content. The spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metal Pb in the Jinzhong basin were obtained. The results showed that the content of heavy metal Pb in soil was less overall distribution. Only part of the region of Taiyuan city was beyond the background value. Meanwhile, the heavy metal Pb was more distributed around cities center and its nearby. It decreased as the distance increases from cities center and its nearby. The content of heavy metal Pb in surrounding suburbs, rural was decreased gradually. It showed that the regional urbanization had a certain effect on the spatial distribution of the heavy metal Pb in the Jinzhong basin.