海南省汉族和黎族人群贫血的患病率

Prevalence of anemia in Han and Li people in Hainan province

目的了解和比较海南省汉族和黎族成人贫血的患病现况。方法本研究为横断面研究,采取整群抽样方法,于2014年调查海南省城乡海口市、儋州市、昌江县、乐东县和白沙县年龄≥20岁成人血红蛋白。结果 5个地区共调查4 590人,贫血总患病率为9.28%,男、女分别为4.61%和12.06%,汉族:男性3.09%、女性7.98%,黎族:男性7.14%、女性17.13%。依据2010年全国人口普查数据,计算标化率。同性别汉族年龄标化患病率均显著低于黎族(男性:汉族2.67%,黎族6.24%,女性:汉族7.96%,黎族17.39%)。汉族城市女性患病率低于汉族农村女性(P<0.05),其余各组年龄标化患病率未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论海南省黎族贫血患病率明显高于汉族,除考虑营养因素外,还应该进一步分析海南成人地中海贫血的基因携带率,是否还存在遗传效应,以达到早期预防和干预的目的。

Objective To know and compare the prevalence of anemia in Han and Li adults in Hainan province.Methods The current study was a cross-sectional study. By cluster sampling method,adults aged over 20 from Haikou city,Danzhou city,Chang-jiang county,Ledong county and Baisha county in Hainan province were surveyed in 2014. Results Totally 4 590 participants from these 5 regions were surveyed. The total prevalence of anemia was 9. 28%,4. 61% for males and 12. 06% for females respec-tively. The prevalence in Han adults were3. 09% and 7. 98 for males and females. The prevalence in Li adults were 7. 14% and 17. 13% for males and females respectively. According to data of the national census 2010,standardization was conducted. The age adjusted prevalence in Han population were lower than Li population by sex（ male： Han 2. 67%,Li 6. 24%,female： Han7. 96% Li 17. 39%）. The age adjusted rural and urban prevalence were not significantly different（ P〈0.05） by sex and race,except for the lower prevalence observed in Han urban females than in Han rural females（ P〈0.05）. Conclusions Li people had higher prevalence than Han. Except nutrition status,Mediterranean anemiasusceptibility gene carrying rate should be further iden-tified in adults to estimate is there a genetic effect in order to early prevention and intervention.