论1954年宪法上的审判独立原则

On the Principle of Independent Trial in the 1954 Constitution

作为宪法的一项基本原则,审判独立原则体现不同国家宪法体制与本土化的经验。1954年宪法第78条确立的审判独立原则为新中国司法体制奠定了合宪性基础,体现鲜明的中国宪法传统与特色。在司法改革成为法治"热门话题"的今天,认真回顾1954年宪法"审判独立原则"的形成过程,有助于我们准确把握审判独立原则的现代价值,从历史的正当性与合法性中寻求实现审判独立的内在动力。

As a fundamental principle of the constitution, judicial independence embodies the constitutional system and localization experience in different countries. The principle of judicial independence adopted in Article 78 of the 1954 Constitution laid the constitutional foundation for the judicial system of People＇s Republic of China, and highlighted the distinctive constitutional tradition and characteristic in China. Judicial reform has been the current heated topic in the discussion about role of law. It is necessary to conduct a careful review on the forming process of principle of judicial independence in the 1954 Constitution, which may helped to accurately grasp the modem value of judicial independence and to explore the inner impetus of realizing judicial independence from the historical legitimacy and legality.