移植·往返·游离:纽约华文书写里的中华文化与生命情境

As Transplanters,Round Trippers and Wanderers: On the Chinese Culture and Living Circumstances of the Chinese-language Writing Community in New York City

纽约因其悠久的历史、驳杂的文化、多样的移民等资源,成为北美华文作家书写不尽的话题。域外中华文化只有在纽约这样多元共生的国际大都会里才更容易落地生根,并与当地多种文化交流互动,进而展现中华文化在异域他乡的新形态,而华文文学对中华文化在海外的扎根、新变和传播起到了不可替代的作用。纽约华文书写大致可分为"移植""往返""游离"三种基本特质,分别对应不同生存状态和身份属性的作家作品,而这三种基本特质又是由纽约华文书写里不同的中华文化与生命情境所构成。文学纽约的多样形态,不仅反映了作家个体千差万别的纽约生存经验,也显示了作家在观照、书写纽约时中华文化形成的不同参照,更透露出华人社群在不同年代的整体处境。

In accordance with such three identities of Chinese writers in New York City as 'transplanters','round trippers'and 'wanderers',their Chinese-language writings on this international metropolis may be categorized accordingly. These three essential properties of literary New York are built up with Chinese culture and varied living circumstances that are addressed in the literary works under discussion in this paper. The colorful literary New York mirrors the variegated lives of individual Chinese writers in the city,demonstrates different parameters of Chinese culture applied in presenting New York,and reflects the changing situation of Chinese community in different eras.