缓解自闭症儿童分离焦虑策略探究——基于“安全型依恋”互动特征

On the Strategy of Separation Anxiety in Children with Autism——Based on the Characteristics of Secure Attachment Interaction

分离焦虑是儿童与依恋对象或家庭分离时表现出的过度焦虑和发展性不适。自闭症儿童由于社交和语言障碍,面临严重分离焦虑问题。研究发现,自闭症儿童产生焦虑的原因是复杂的,将其影响因素从生物性和社会性两方面进行分析;并且依据依恋理论,基于安全型依恋关系中互动的敏感性、积极性和支持性特征,提出缓解自闭症儿童分离焦虑的策略。

Separation anxiety is an excessive anxiety and unwell development when children get separated from attachment objects or family. Because of social and language barriers, autistic children are facing a serious problem separation anxiety. By using the method of literature analysis, the causes of anxiety in children with autism were analyzed from two aspects： biological factors and social factors. Then according to the attachment theory, based on the characteristics of interaction of secure attachment： sensitive, positive and supportive, the strategies are put forward to ease the separation anxiety of children with autism.