基于动库容曲线的水库调洪高水位查算方法研究

Determination of Highest Water Level for Flood Routing Based on Dynamic Reservoir Capacity Curves

河道型水库因动库容特性显著,传统的静库容调洪方法难以适用,研究动库容调洪方法是亟待解决的问题。当坝前水位爬升到最高点时,库区内的洪水演进到达一种临界状态,库区内的水文、水力条件相对稳定,在出库流量和入库流量一定的情况下,可望获得最高坝前水位与同时刻库容之间良好的对应关系。依托三峡库区水文水动力耦合预报模型,建立了一组以出库流量、入库流量为参数的动库容曲线,以供调洪时快速查算最高坝前水位。采用2009年以来三峡水库16场场次洪水资料,检验所建动库容曲线的合理性。结果表明,各场洪水的最高库水位查算值与实况平均偏差仅0.20m,证明建立的基于动库容曲线的三峡水库最高库水位查算方法具有较好的实践价值。

Due to the dynamic storage characteristics, traditional flood routing method of static reservoir capacity is no longerapplicable for determination of the highest water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR） during the flood routing model.Therefore, research on the new method is needed for deriving accurate water level forecasted value. When the water level of the reservoir rises to the highest point in a flood event, flood routing in the TGR region reaches a critical state. At that time, a reasonable correlation between storage capacity and water level is expected to be established under the constant inflow anddischarge condition. In order to quickly calculate the highest water level in flood routing for TGR, based on the hydrological modelcoupled with hydro -dynamic model, a dynamic reservoir capacity curve which uses the inflow and discharge as parameters was built and 16 flood hydrographs were employed to test its effects. The results show that the mean deviation between the measured values and calculated values is only 0.20 m, which proves the established highest water level calculation method has a good practical value.