点头鸭式波浪能采集装置的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation on Salter Duck Wave Energy Converter

为优化波浪能采集装置,以FLUENT软件为平台,建立了"点头鸭"和波浪水槽模型,对"点头鸭"在稳态均匀流和非稳态规则波作用下的水动力学特性进行了数值仿真。水槽中的规则波采用推板造波的方式生成,自由水面的追踪采用VOF方法确定。模拟得到了两种水流环境中"点头鸭"在受来流冲击时,鸭体所在区域的压力分布、速度分布以及鸭体所受波浪力的变化规律。结果表明,在均匀来流环境下,来流速度越大,鸭体所受波浪力越大,且随攻角增大而增大的趋势越发明显;在规则波环境下,鸭体所受波浪力近似呈周期性变化,其大小与攻角角度有明显关系,但并非呈单调变化。在所研究的工况中,攻角为60°时,鸭体所受的波浪力最大,此时"点头鸭"装置具有最大的可发电机械能。

With FLUENT software as platform, the Salter Duck and wave flume was modeled and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the “ duck” working in steady uniform flow and unsteady regular wave were ob-tained through numerical simulation. The regular wave in the flume was generated by the way of pushing plate and the free water surface was determined by V0 F method. The pressure distribution, velocity distribution and the variation of the wave forces in the region of the duck body were obtained by simulating two kinds of water environment. The results show that, in a uniform flow, with the increase of the incoming flow velocity, the wave force acting on the duck body increases and the trend of wave force increasing with the attack angle becomes more obvious. Under the wave environment the wave force is close to a periodic variation, and its value has significant relationship with the attack angle, but is not a monotonic variation. Under the working conditions of the research, wave force obtains the maximum value when the attack angle is 6 0°and at this point the “Salter Duck” device has the largest mechanical energy for power generation. The results have refer-ence value for the optimization design of wave energy converters.