外科手术切口感染的影响因素和护理管理

Influence Factors and Nursing Management of Incision Infection of Surgical Operation

护士应评估外科手术患者切口感染的影响因素,年龄、自身体质、恶性肿瘤和远部位感染等为内源性因素,吸烟、手术时间、手套破损、急症手术、腹部手术、伤口污染、术前备皮、抗生素的应用、手术室空气洁净度不达标、手术季节为外源性因素。护士应根据评估结果,做好针对性护理管理。手术人员和患者的术前准备、患者的术前准备、合理安排手术间、手术物品的准备是术前护理管理措施;严格执行查对制度、严格限制手术间人数、防止交叉感染、加强自我防护措施、缩短手术时间、做好护理记录是术中护理管理措施;要做好术后工作人员,术后伤口,手术器械、物品的消毒,污染布类,污染环境和污物的处理;术后要继续为患者提供继续服务保障,促进患者康复,解释各种护理问题,征求反馈意见,提供人性化服务。

The nurses should evaluate the influence factors of incision infection of patients with surgical operation, the age, their own body constitution, malignant tumor and remote site infection are the endogenous factors, smoking, operative time, broken gloves, emergency operation, abdominal operation, incision pollution, preserved skin before operation, use of antibi-otics, unqualified air purity in the operating room and operative season are the extrinsic factors, the nurses should do a good job in the targeted nursing management according to the evaluation results, the preoperative preparations of operative staff and patients, rational arrangement of operating room, preparation of operative articles are the nursing management measures before operation; strictly implementing the check system, limiting number in the operating room, preventing the cross infec-tion, enhancing the self-prevention measures, shortening the operation time and doing a good job in nursing records are the nursing management measures during operation, and we should do a good job in the work staff, incision, operative device, disinfection of articles, pollution type, pollution environment and treatment of sewage, and continue to provide service guar-antee for patients thus promoting the recovery of patients, explain various nursing issues, ask for feedback, provide humanis-tic service and do a good job in the nursing management of infection operative patients.