音译规范的韵律学视角探究

Transliteration Standard:Perspective from Prosodic Morphology

音译是吸收外来语的一种手段,是用译入语的语音模拟源语发音的翻译方法,但音译绝不是机械的模拟。每种语言都有自己的一套语音系统,因而都有不同的韵律模式,音译时需要对源语的韵律模式进行调整以适应译入语的韵律要求。文章从韵律学的角度分析英汉音节结构、音步结构和节奏模式的差异,对音译词音节的合法性进行分析和阐释,并通过对音译词的音位选择、汉字选择和可译性问题的讨论,提出可供参考的音译标准。

Transliteration,which is pronunciation simulation from the source language,plays an important role in the naturalization of loanwords. However,transliteration is never as simple as a sound-for-sound simulation. Every language has its ow,n natural rhythm, so transliteration needs to naturalize the rhythmic pattern of the source language. Based on the analysis of the differences between English and Chinese syllable structure, foot structure and rhythm pattern from the perspective of prosody, we discuss the transliteration legitimacy of word syllable and the phoneme on transliterating words selection. We also put forward the transliteration standard for reference.