学科话语与知识范式的建构——“十七年”时期当代文学史写作的学术史考察

The Construction of Academic Discourse and Knowledge Paradigm——Academic Study about the Contemporary Literature History in“17 Years”

十七年时期的中国当代文学史写作是当代文学学术史的重要组成部分,它着力建构当代文学自身的话语体系和学科意识,也成为日后当代文学史研究的奠基性话语。在当时,修史者秉持的是社会主义文学的观念,然而,他们在论证"当代文学"的进步意义和学科合法性时却与胡适的《白话文学史》共享了同一种话语策略,即强调文学发展的历史渊源和文学进化观念。同时,这一时期的几部当代文学史也为当代文学修史探索了一种新的学术范式,也为后人留下不少值得正视和反思的经验、教训。这体现在坚持社会进化论为基础的历史观并强调文学史的进化逻辑、在文本分析时思想性优先的价值判断标准、确定了时期划分与文体分类相结合的当代文学史著体例、由个人著史转为集体写作文学史等四个方面的问题上。

In 17 years,the Chinese contemporary Literature history writing was an important part of the academic history of contemporary literature and then became the foundational discourse. At the time,the author was to uphold the concept of socialist literature. However,when arguing Contemporary Literature＇s discipline and legality,they shared the same kind which emphasized the history and evolution of the concept of literature with Hu Shi who wrote the Vernacular Literature History. Meanwhile,several Literature histories in this period explored a new academic paradigm about how to write contemporary Literature history. This is reflected in the four issues： Adhering to the evolution of Literature is based on social history,while emphasizing the evolutionary logic of Literature history; During the text analysis,value judgment criteria is ideology; The book is divided into period combined with the style category; The writing of Literature history transformed from the personal into collectivization.