多重耐药菌医院感染的分析与控制

Analysis and control of multi drug resistant bacteria in hospital infection

目的探讨我院多重耐药菌的现状及医院感染的防控措施。方法 2014年全年对多重耐药菌感染的监测,统计病原菌标本种类、分布以及对抗生素耐药情况,鉴别感染多重耐药菌患者是获得性感染者还是医院感染者,分析导致多重耐药菌菌株产生原因并提出相应对策。结果感染多重耐药菌排前五位的菌株是:革兰氏阳性菌主要包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌;革兰氏阴性菌主要包括大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌。结论严格按照要求合理应用抗生素,落实手卫生、做好消毒措施,加强多重耐药菌的监测能够有效预防多重耐药菌医院感染的发生。

Objective To explore the current situation of multi-drug resistant bacteria and the prevention and control measures in our hospital for hospital infections.Methods Monitoring for multi-drug resistant bacteria infections in 2014,pathogens specimens of species and antibiotic resistance were analyzed,the patients infected with multi-drug resistant bacteria being hospital-acquired infections or nosocomial infection in hospital were identified.The reasons of resulting in multi-drug resistant strain were analyzed and corresponding countermeasures were put forward.Results The top five infected multi-drug resistant strains were：Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus aureus;Gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae.Conclusion Rational use of antibiotics strictly accordance with the requirements,implementating hand hygiene,good disinfection measures,enhancement monitoring multiresistant bacteria can effectively prevent multi-drug resistant hospital infections.