宁夏地区医疗照射频率水平调查分析

Investigation of the frequency of medical radiation exposure in Ningxia region

目的 了解宁夏地区医疗机构放射诊疗设备的配备情况及其医疗照射频度水平,为医疗辐射技术的合理化应用提供依据.方法 采用普查的方式,以调查问卷的形式对宁夏地区所有开展医用X射线诊断、介入放射学、核医学和放射治疗的医疗机构的放射诊疗情况进行调查分析.结果 宁夏地区X射线诊断照射频率为727.9人次/千人口,其中X射线摄影检查频率最高,为525.2人次/千人口,其次是CT检查频率为147.9人次/千人口;放射治疗频率为6.0例/千人口;核医学为1.8人次/千人口;介入放射学为3.8人次/千人口.宁夏5市医疗机构X射线诊断照射频率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=162 280.7,P＜0.05）.不同级别医疗机构X射线诊断照射频率差异有统计学意义（χ^2 =902 485.2,P＜0.05）,不同级别医疗机构X射线摄影检查和CT检查（不包括乡级和疾病预防控制中心）照射频率差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=471 574.9、181 887.1,P＜0.05）.结论 X射线诊断检查中,CT检查成为了仅次于X射线摄影检查的主要检查手段,不同地区和不同级别的医疗机构X射线诊断照射频率有差异,相关部门应有针对性的加强医疗机构放射防护的监督管理,确保放射诊疗工作的正当化.

Objective To understand the allocation of radiological diagnostic equipment and the frequency of medical radiation exposure in the medical institutions in Ningxia region,in order to provide the basis for the reasonable application of medical radiation technology.Methods The general survey in the form of the questionnaires was used to investigate and analyze the medical radiation usage of medical X-ray diagnostics,interventional radiology,nuclear medicine and radiotherapy in Ningxia region medical institutions.Results The frequency of X-ray diagnostic radiography in Ningxia region was 727.9 per 1 000 population in 2014.The frequency of X-ray photography examination was the highest,525.2 per 1 000 population,followed bv the frequency of CT scanning,147.9 per 1 000.For others,the frequency was radiotherapy 6.0 per 1 000 population,nuclear medicine 1.8 per 1 000 and interventional radiology 3.8 per 1 000,respectively.These differences were of statistical significance in frequency of X-ray diagnostic examination in five cities＇ medical institutions in Ningxia （χ^2=162 280.7,P 〈 0.05）,also in all medical institutions at different levels （χ^2=902 485.2,P 〈 0.05） and for both frequency of X-ray photography examination and CT scanning in these institutions （χ^2=471 574.9,181 887.1,P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions Of the X-ray diagnostic radiography,the CT scanning has becoine a major means next only to the X-ray photography examination.There are differences in frequency of X-ray diagnostic examination in the medical institutions at different levels in different cities of the region.The related regulatory authorities should strengthen the supervision and management of radiation protection in mnedical institutions,to ensure the justification of diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy.