空气静压电主轴特性分析与实验

Analysis and Experimental Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Aerostatic Motorized Spindle

空气静压电主轴是数控机床的关键功能部件之一,主要围绕其动态特性进行分析研究。首先,针对空气静压电主轴结构及轴承结构进行分析。然后,基于空气静压电主轴的动力学建模,对其进行模态分析和谐响应分析。最后,针对空气静压电主轴进行动态测试实验,并对比仿真分析结果和实验测试结果。研究表明载荷的大小决定了空气静压轴承的偏心率,同时对电主轴前端的刚度起决定性作用。谐响应分析表明在主轴固有频率左右,空气静压电主轴前端的振动位移较大。

Aerostatic motorized spindle is a key function unit of machine tools, and its dynamic characteristics have great effect on the quality of machine tool processing. This paper mainly focuses on the dynamic characteristics of aerostatic motorized spindle. Firstly, the structure of aerostatic motorized spindle and aerostatic bearing were analyzed. Then, based on dynamics modeling of aerostatic motorized spindle, modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of aerostatic motorized spindle were conducted, and finally the aerostatic motorized spindle dynamic testing experiments were carried out, and the experimental results and simulation results were compared. The studies show that the stiffness of the front end of the aerostatic motorized spindle system was crucial for its vibration. Harmonic response an^ysis shows that vibration displacement of the front end of the aerostatic motorized spindle was significant if approaching its natural frequency, which should have been avoided when processing.