持续负压吸引防止老年人吸入性肺炎临床研究

Clinical study of continuous suction in the prevention of aspiration pneumonia in older adults

目的 探讨口腔分泌物负压持续吸引减少卧床老年患者吸入性肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选择2013年1月-2016年1月福建省立医院收治的卧床长期住院患者36例,随机分为两组,观察组18例使用口腔负压持续吸引,对照组18例未使用口腔负压持续吸引,观察患者半年内吸入性肺炎的发病率以及反复发作吸入性肺炎的发病率,比较两组第一线抗生素治疗的成功率。结果 观察组吸入性肺炎发生率、反复吸入性肺炎发生率较对照组明显下降（35.3%vs 76.5%,P=0.037;5.8%vs 53.0%,P=0.007）。两组第一线抗生素治疗的成功率无显著差异（66.7%vs 76.9%,P=1.000）。结论 口腔负压持续吸引,方法简单易行,无明显痛苦,可有效减少老年人吸入性肺炎发生率,但不能提高肺炎的治疗成功率。

Objective To investigate the clinical effectiveness of continuous vacuum suction used in older adults to prevent aspiration pneumonia. Methods A total of 36 patients long-staying in bed of Fujian Provinciall Hospital from January 2013 to January 2016 were prospectively analyzed. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients of 18 cases in the observation group received the treatment of oral continuous vacuum suction, while 18 cases of the control group didn＇t received the treatment. The incidence and recurrent rate of aspiration pneumonia were compared. And the cure rate of first-line antibiotic treatment was compared also. Results The incidence and recurrent rates of aspiration pneumonia were significantly lower in the observation group （35.3% vs 76.5% ,P=0.037; 5.8% vs 53.0%, P=0.007）. There was no significant difference in the cure rate of first-line antibiotic treatment between the two groups （66.7% vs 76.9%, P=1.000）. Conclusion Oral continuous vacuum suction is simple, painless, which effectively reduces the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the elderly patients, but not effective in improvint the cure rate of aspiration pneumonia.