Ku波段一体化开口脊波导阵列天线

Integrated Design of a Ku-Band Open Ridged Waveguide Antenna Array

设计了一种集成内校正通道的Ku波段一体化开口脊波导阵列天线,由底部的同轴连接器馈电,经渐变阶梯状的过渡匹配段同轴波导变换,并压缩波导截面尺寸以实现宽带二维宽扫性能。在开口脊波导底部设置耦合槽和校正波导,形成内校正通道,并将馈电连接器偏置,使一条校正波导可以耦合相邻的两列天线单元,实现了高集成度一体化设计。设计制造了8×8单元的天线阵面,实测结果表明,该天线驻波小于2的相对带宽为14%,可实现二维±60°的宽角扫描,天线增益约21.8dB,辐射效率81.7%。该天线具有宽带、二维宽扫、结构紧凑、高集成度等优点,且实现了小单元间距相控阵天线的内校正功能。

A Ku-band open ridged waveguide antenna array integrated with self-calibration channel is de- signed. The antenna element is fed by a coaxial connector and coaxial-waveguide converted by a gradual ridge transition. Its sectional size is reduced to achieve wide scanning ability in two directions. A coupling slot is set on the underside of the open waveguide to form a self-calibration channel between the open ridged waveguide antenna cell and the calibration waveguide. The ,feeding connectors are off-center set so that one calibration waveguide can couple two adjacent rows of antenna elements. An antenna array of 8 ）〈 8 elements is designed and fabricated. The measured results show that the relative bandwidth of VSWR smaller than 2 is 14%. The measured patterns show that the scanning angles are ±60° in azimuth and elevation directions. The gain of the antenna is about 2L 8 dB and the radiation efficiency is 81.7%. This antenna has many ad- vantages such as wide band, two-direction wide scanning, compact structure, integrated design and especially the self-calibration of the phased array antenna with small space.