中国省域创新产出的空间格局与空间溢出效应研究

Study on the Spatial Pattern and Spatial Spillover Effects of Chinese Provincial Innovation Outputs

以1999~2013年中国31个省市为基本时空单元,应用探索性和确认性空间数据分析方法,对中国省域创新产出的空间格局与空间溢出效应进行分析。研究发现：省域创新产出的高值区形成以沿海经济带与长江经济带为轴的“T型”结构;地理邻近是省域创新产出集聚的主要空间关联模式,形成京津的虹吸、上海的扩散和粤辽的弱辐射三类区域效应;省域创新产出增长率存在正向空间溢出,但若不平衡创新资源配置,省域创新产出仍将陷入持续空间分异;创新产出、人力资本和资金资本均存在正向空间溢出,经济发展水平存在负向空间溢出,创新基础设施的空间溢出不显著,各创新投入变量空间溢出的传导机制不同。

Using the method of spatial data analysis, this paper studies the spatial pattern and spatial spillover effects of Chinese provincial innovation outputs measured by the number of examined invention patent applications, throughout 31 Chi- nese provinces from 1999 to 2013. Results show that, firstly Chinese provincial innovation outputs mainly concentrate in coastal economic belt and Yangtze economic zone, which makes the spatial pattern of Chinese provincial innovation outputs develops into an arched structure. Secondly Chinese provincial innovation outputs show spatial autocorrelation. Geographical proximity is still the main model of spatial correlation. Beijing and Tianjin show siphoned effect, while Shanghai shows dif- fused effect and Guangdong and Liaoning show weak radiant effect. Thirdly, the growth rate of Chinese provincial innovation outputs shows spatial spillover effect, but if allocation of innovation resources isnot balanced, Chinese provincial innovation outputs will still fall into continuous spatial differentiation because of the Matthew effect. Moreover, Chinese provincial inno- vation outputs, human inputsand capital inputs show positive spatial spillover effect, while provincial economic development level shows negative spatial spillover effect and innovation infrastructure＇s spatial spillover effect is not significant. Mean- while, the transmission mechanisms of different innovation inputs are diversified.