家庭禀赋如何影响就业?——对失地农民的考察

How Does Family Endowment Affect Employment?— An Investigation to Land-lost Peasants

文章利用中国家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)数据,分析了失地农民的家庭禀赋对其就业机会与就业质量的影响。就业机会方面,家庭社会资本、家庭文化资本、家庭经济资本都有助于失地农民就业。家庭社会资本主要对自雇就业起显著积极的作用,家庭文化资本主要对受雇就业产生积极推动作用,家庭经济资本对促进失地农民自雇就业或受雇就业,都具有显著正向的影响,对自雇就业的影响更大。就业质量方面,对于受雇失地农民而言,家庭社会资本的积极功效集中于职业发展上,家庭文化资本的正向功效主要表现在工作稳定性方面,家庭经济资本对就业质量的四个方面(工资收入、工作稳定性、职业发展、工作满意度)都有正向影响。

Using the data from the China Family Panel Studies, this paper analyzes the effects of family endowment on land-lost peasants＇ employment opportunities and employment quality. In terms of employment opportunities, family social capital,family cultural capital and family economic capital all contribute to the employment of land-lost peasants. Family social capi-tal mainly plays an active role in self-employment. Family cultural capital mainly contributes land-lost peasants to work asemployees. Family economic capital has a significant positive influence on not only self-employment but also employment,and has a greater impact on self-employment by comparison. In terms of employment quality, the positive effect of family so-cial capital on landless peasants＇ employment concentrates on their career development, family cultural capital mainly playsan active role in the aspects of job stability. Family economic capital has a positive influence on the four aspects of employ-ment quality, including wage income, job stability, career development and job satisfaction.