论前苏联社会主义建设时期列宁的新闻思想

Lenin's Press Ideology during Socialism Construction in Soviet Union

十月社会主义革命胜利以后,列宁领导前苏联人民建立了世界上第一个社会主义国家,并亲自领导了初期苏维埃政权的新闻事业,提出了社会主义新闻事业的方针和政策。列宁认为:出版自由是具体的、阶级的,而不是抽象的、超阶级的。无产阶级的新闻自由是在剥夺资产阶级的新闻传自由的前提下得以实现的,就其广泛性上说,无产阶级的新闻出版自由是在最广大人民群众的自由,是人类历史上从未有过的自由。把出版和新闻放到人类整个生产活动中去考察,认为出版和新闻应属人类的精神产品。报纸不但可以作为无产阶级专政的舆论工具,还应该是社会主义建设的工具;成为鞭策落后者的工具;成为教育人们去积极工作、遵守劳动纪律、加强组织以及教育和团结真正先进阶级的工具。在宣传方法上,列宁反对脱离经济的政治,也反对脱离政治的经济。列宁认为社会主义经济建设本身就是一项政治任务。

After the victory of October Socialism Revolution, Lenin with the people of former Soviet Russia founded the first socialism country in the world. He himself led the press cause of the early Soviet Regime. He put forward the guideline and the policy of press cause of socialism. Lenin believes that the freedom of the press is con- crete, class, not abstract, super class.The freedom of the press of the proletariat is to be realized in the context of the freedom of the press of the bourgeoisie, On its broad nature, The freedom of the press and publication of the pro- letariat is the freedom of the broad masses of the people, Is a freedom that has never been in the history of mankind. Put the publication and news in the whole production of human activities to investigate, It is believed that the publi- cation and the news should belong to the spiritual product of mankind.Newspapers not only can be used as a tool of public opinion of the dictatorship of the proletariat, but also should be a tool for socialist construction;As a tool to spur the poor; to educate people to work actively, to observe labor discipline, to strengthen the organization and to educate and unite the truly advanced classes.In the propaganda method, Lenin opposed to the economy from the po- litical, but also against the economy from the political.Lenin believes that the construction of socialist economy itself is a political task.