大豆蛋白基浆料的制备与上浆性能

Preparation and sizing performance of soy protein-based sizing agents

以大豆蛋白为原料,通过加碱水解的方法,制备了一种上浆性能优良的可降解大豆蛋白基纺织浆料。以浆膜拉伸性能、浆纱拉伸性能、耐磨性能以及织造性能等为评价指标,获得制备大豆蛋白基浆料和上浆应用的最佳条件。研究表明,煮浆时间为30 min、温度为90℃、碱质量分数为1.25%时,制得的浆膜拉伸性能最佳;当上浆率为11.2%时,毛羽减少率为100%,纱线增强率为15.5%,耐磨次数提高到原纱的7倍左右。工厂中试结果表明:大豆蛋白基浆料上浆纱线最佳织造效率可达96%,其在活性污泥中降解2 d时,COD值已低于国家污水排放标准120 mg/kg。大豆蛋白基浆料上浆性能好,极易生物降解,可成为替代PVA的新型环保纺织用浆料。

A kind of degradable green soy protein-based sizing agent is prepared by alkali hydrolysis method with soybean protein as a raw material. The tensile properties of films, as well as the tensile properties, wear resistance and weaving performances of sized yarns are evaluated. The optimal prepa- ration and applications of soy protein-based sizing agent on yarns are obtained as follows： 1.25% of alkali concentration, size boiling at 90 ℃ for 30 rain. The film has excellent tensile performance. When the siz- ing rate is 11.2%, the yarns feature 100% of hairiness reduction rate, 15.5% of increased strength, and im- proved by about 7 times of wear resistance. The pilot test results show that： the optimal weaving effi- ciency of soybean protein based sizing yarn is 96%, and the COD value is lower than that of the national wastewater discharge standard 120 mg/kg in the activated sludge for 2 days. The soy protein-based siz- ing agent has good sizing performance and easy biodegradation, and can be used as an alternative to PVA.