某医学院校大学生健康信息素养调查与培养策略研究

Survey and training strategy research on the health information literacy among students in a medical college

目的了解在校大学生健康信息素养水平及其影响因素,为制定卫生政策和健康教育干预措施提供依据。方法2015年10~12月,采用偶遇抽样方法对某医学院校大一~大五的在校生进行抽样调查,以问卷调查方式对调查对象健康信息素养水平进行测评。结果调查1 050名大学生,获得有效问卷994份,其中,男生占49.29%（490份）,女生占50.70%（504份）。健康信息素养综合水平女生（19.41±1.82分）高于男生（18.82±1.74分）（P〈0.05）,高年级好于低年级,[大一：（18.40±1.60）分、大二：（18.88±1.74）分、大三：（19.35±1.84）分、大四：（19.43±1.81）分、大五：（20.23±1.54）分]（P〈0.05）;家庭收入高得分越高[〈4万/年：（18.70±1.69）分、4~8万/年：（18.87±1.84）分、8~12万/年：（19.50±1.81）分、≥12万/年：（20.33±1.00）分]（P〈0.05）;医学类高于其他学科类别[医学：（19.29±1.82）分、理学：（18.67±1.88）分、工学：（18.73±1.56）分、管理学：（18.75±1.65）分]（P〈0.05）;城市生源高于农村生源[城市：（19.52±1.76）分、农村：（18.67±1.75）分]（P〈0.05）。结论医学生健康信息素养整体水平较低。

Objective To understand the health information literacy status among college students and its influencing factors,provide basis for the health policy and health education intervention measures. Methods During october-December,2015,the encounter sampling method was used to investigate students in a medical college.With questionnaire survey to evaluate the respondents＇ health information literacy level. Results A total of 1 050 questionnaires,994effective questionnaires were taken back,the effective rate was 94.67%.Among them,490（49.29%）were boys,and 504（50.70%）were girls.The health information literacy level of girls（19.41±1.82）was higher than boys（18.82±1.74）,the scores in senior students were higher than the junior students（the freshman：18.40±1.60,the sophomore：18.88±1.74,the junior：19.35±1.84,the senior：19.43±1.81,college student in grade five：20.23±1.54）,the higher family income was,the higher scores were got（less than 40 000 yuan per year：18.70±1.69,40 000 to 80 000 yuan per year：18.87±1.84,80 000 to 120 000 yuan per year：19.50±1.81,more than 120 000 yuan per year：20.33±1.00）,medical students＇ scores were higher than other subjects（the Medical science：19.29±1.82,the Neo-Confucianism：18.67±1.88,the Engineering：18.73±1.56,the Management：18.75±1.65）,urban students＇ scores were higher than rural students（the urban：19.52±1.76,the rural：18.67±1.75）.By single factor and multiple factor analysis of variance,all of them had statistical significance（P 0.05）. Conclusion Health information literacy overall level is low in medical students.We should strengthen the popularization education of health information literacy in college students,to raise the level of overall health information literacy.