2015年国、内外家兔遗传育种研究进展

Research Progress on Domestic and International Rabbit Genetic and Breeding in 2015

作者对2015年国内、外家兔的传统育种、分子育种和繁殖技术等方面的最新进展进行了综述,以期给家兔育种者和研究者提供参考。国外家兔传统育种主要集中在不同肉兔品种性能比较,而分子育种以胴体品质为主要性状,同时在家兔遗传多样性方面也有涉及,高效繁殖技术依旧是国外研究的重点,主要是精液冷冻保护剂开发和精液品质研究两方面。国内传统育种研究内容重点在地方品种、培育品种种质评定等方面,生长、胴体、毛皮等性状的分子育种则仍旧为国内遗传育种研究重点,繁殖相关研究集中在母兔繁殖性能和公兔精液品质研究两方面。总体来说,国内、外各有侧重,但国内家兔遗传育种研究特别是繁殖性状分子基础方面还需进一步提高。

The latest research progress on domestic and international rabbit genetics and breeding in 2015 were reviewed in the present paper based on three aspects of traditional breeding,molecular breeding and reproductive technology,so as to provide references for rabbit breeders and researchers.At abroad,the researchers focused on the analysis of carcass traits in molecular breeding,genetic diversity in rabbits were also studied.While the key point was still efficient reproductive technique in foreign breeding studies,including semen cryoprptectants development and semen motility.In china,traditional breeding mainly contained evaluation and comparison of Chinese local breeds and cultivating breeds.In domestic rabbit genetic and breeding,molecular bases were still the point of importance for traits of growth,carcass and fur.The researchers focused on breeding performance and semen motility.Overall,the genetic and breeding studies focus on partial different aspects at home and abroad.In China,researchers on molecular bases of reproductive traits should be given further emphasis.