3种中药及其提取物体外抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒作用的研究

Antiviral Effects of Three Chinese Herbal Medicine and Their Polysaccharides on Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus(PRRSV)in vitro

为研究板蓝根、黄芪和青蒿及其提取物体外抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的作用,本试验在研究板蓝根、黄芪和青蒿及其提取物对Marc-145细胞最大安全浓度的基础上,研究3种中药提取物体外抗PRRSV的作用。结果显示,板蓝根多糖、黄芪多糖和青蒿素3种中药提取物对Marc-145细胞安全浓度分别为为0.03、0.03和0.06mg/mL,板蓝根、黄芪和青蒿3种中药单方的安全浓度分别为6.25、6.25和3.13 mg/mL。在体外抗PRRSV作用的试验中,3种中药单方中黄芪的阻断作用最强,能达到100%的保护率,中药提取物中板蓝根多糖对PRRSV的阻断作用最强,在浓度为0.031mg/mL时对细胞保护率能达到48.03%,青蒿素最差,在0.16mg/mL时就已不具有阻断作用。板蓝根多糖对病毒不具有直接杀灭作用,黄芪多糖和青蒿素在浓度为0.32mg/mL时,保护率都是20%左右;黄芪的直接杀灭作用保护率为100%,且非常稳定,青蒿在浓度较高时还有促进细胞生长的作用,但稳定性差,随浓度降低其保护率迅速下降。在对病毒的抑制作用试验中,3种中药提取物的作用相当,浓度为0.01mg/mL时,板蓝根多糖、黄芪多糖和青蒿素多糖对细胞的保护率分别为24.57%、24.30%和26.20%;而3种中药单方的细胞保护率都能达到100%甚至以上。综合3种作用方式可知,3种中药提取物中,黄芪多糖的抗PRRSV作用最好,青蒿素次之,板蓝根多糖最差;3种中药单方中黄芪的效果最好,青蒿最差。因此,可知黄芪及其提取物具有非常强的抗PRRSV作用,可对其进行进一步研究,以供临床上使用。

In order to figure out the antiviral effects of Radix Isatidis,Astragalus herb,Artemisia annua and their polysaccharides on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus（PRRSV）in vitro,the antiviral activity of the three Chinese herbal medicine and their polysaccharides,Isatis root polysaccharide（IRPS）,Astragalus polysaccharides（APS）and artemisinin maximum were evaluated by adding to Marc-145 cell cultured with PRRSV respectively.The results showed that the safety concentrations of IRPS,APS and artemisinin to Marc-145 cells were 0.03,0.03 and 0.06 mg/mL;The safety concentrations of Radix Isatidis,Astragalus herb,Artemisia annuato Marc-145 cells were 6.25,6.25 and 3.13 mg/mL.Almost all the cells（about 100%）were protected from PRRSV when Astragalus herb were added early to PRRSV,while IRPS had the same effect on PRRSV among three extracts with 48.03% cells were protect and artemisinin could not protect cells when the concentration was lower than 0.16mg/mL.IRPS had no effect onPRRSV while APS and artemisinin got a protection rate for cells at about 20% when simultaneously added with PRRSV,under the concentration of 0.32 mg/mL.In terms of simultaneously added with PRRSV,Chinese herb Astragalus could exterminate the virus directly with its protect cells coming to 100%and more.Artemisia annuacould promote the growth of cells but its stability was weak.Its protection rate decreased as its concentration reducing.In the experiment of exploring the antivirus effect of infected cells,polysaccharides of these three herbs had nearly the same effect.When in a concentration of 0.01mg/mL,IRPS,APS and artemisinin respectively protected 24.57%,24.30%and 26.20%cells.However,the protection rate to cells of the three herbs themselves was respectively up to 100% or more.In conclusion,in the extracts of the three herbs,APS had the best antiviral effect,followed by artemisinin and IRPS,and in the single herbal medicines,Astragalus was the best and Artemisia annua was worst.Therefore,Astragalus and APS had the best antiviral effect on PRRSV.It needed more research on Astragalus and APS,and try to use them as antiviral drug in clinical application.