大肠癌长非编码RNA的研究进展

Progress of Long Noncoding RNA in Colorectal Cancer

长非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,lnc RNA)是长度大于200 nt,因缺少完整的阅读编码框而不编码蛋白质的一种功能性分子。研究发现,长非编码RNA在众多肿瘤的发生、发展过程中发挥着重要的作用。已有研究报道,在大肠癌细胞中,大量长非编码RNA的表达水平与正常细胞相比有显著差异,在功能上表现为抑癌或促癌作用,广泛参与大肠癌细胞的转移,有些长非编码RNA甚至可以作为大肠癌诊断或预后的潜在标记以及治疗的靶标。该文就在大肠癌发生发展中起重要抑癌或促癌作用的长非编码RNA作一综述,讨论它们在大肠癌中的功能作用及调节机制。

Long noncoding RNA（lnc RNA） is a kind of functional molecule with length usually more than 200 nt. lnc RNA can not encode proteins because of lacking a complete reading frame. However, more and more accumulated evidences verify that lnc RNA plays a critical role in the development of many tumors. In colorectal cancer（CRC）, it has been already reported that a large number of lnc RNA is significantly differentially expressed compared with normal cell and may act as oncogene or tumor suppressor in function participate in the metastasis of CRC, some of them even can be used as potential markers for the diagnosis or the therapy target of CRC. In this review, we mainly introduce the lnc RNA act as oncogenes or tumor repressors in CRC and discuss their functions and regulation mechanisms.