黑龙江省城市化与生态环境协调性区域变化研究

Research on Regional Changes in Coordination between Urbanization and Ecological Environment in Heilongjiang

通过研究黑龙江省12个地级城市2003～2012年的指标数据,采取专家筛选法及R型聚类、皮尔逊系数检验等方法构建了评价指标体系,熵值法计算了各指标权重并得出黑龙江省各市的城市化分值及生态环境分值,构建模型计算了城市化与生态环境协调性并进行了分类,借助Arc GIS平台分析了黑龙江省城市化与生态环境协调性区域特点,结果表明：黑龙江省城市化与生态环境协调性可以分为7个类型并有明显的地域层次性,研究初期东部协调性较高,随着经济发展,中部、南部经济发达城市协调性逐渐处于优势地位。同时证明在城市化发展初期,经济指标、人口密度、城镇人口及非农业人口比重对生态环境具有一定的负效应,随着城市化进一步推进,人均GDP、第三产业占GDP比重等指标对生态环境起促进作用。

According to the data of social and economic indexes of 12 prefecture cities in Heilongjiang province during 2003~ 2012,this study built a evaluation index system by using the methods of expert screening,R-type clustering analysis and Pearson coefficient test,calculated the weight of each index by using entropy method,and obtained the scores of both urbanization and ecological environment of 12 cities in Heilongjiang. Then,the author constructed a model to evaluate and classify the coordinated degree between urbanization and ecological environment of Heilongjiang province. Finally,we analyzed the regional characteristics of coordination between urbanization and ecological environment of this province by Arc GIS platform. The results showed that the coordination between urbanization and ecological environment of Heilongjiang province could be divided into 7 types,and it had an obvious regional hierarchy. The eastern region had higher coordination in the initial period; while the central and southern developed cities had an increasing coordination along with the economic development. In the initial period of urbanized development,the economic indexes,population density,urban population and non- agricultural population proportion had a certain negative effect on the ecological environment. When the urbanization was further promoted,the GDP per capita,ratio of tertiary industrial output value to GDP,and other indexes had a positive effect on the ecological environment.