2006-2015年医院流感嗜血菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenza isolated from our hospital from 2006 to 2015

目的了解流感嗜血杆菌的临床分布及对抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法回顾分析医院2006年1月-2015年12月患者临床分离的流感嗜血菌分布,菌株鉴定及药敏结果,药敏试验结果及耐药表型分析均采用WHONET 5.6软件进行分析。结果患者临床分离出流感嗜血菌1 671株,标本主要来源于痰液1442株占86.3%;药敏结果显示,儿童组和成人组患者流感嗜血菌对磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶的敏感率均为最低,分别为33.8%和47.1%,其次为氨苄西林分别为46.7%和65.4%,对其他抗菌药物的敏感率均较高(>70.0%)。结论医院分离的流感嗜血菌主要来自呼吸道标本,磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶和氨苄西林已经不适合用于流感嗜血菌感染的经验治疗,医师应根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenza,so as to provide references to physicians for making reasonable prescriptions. METHODS The distribution, identi- fication and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of all strains isolated from Jan. 2006 to dec. 2015 were analyzed. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing and resistant phenotypes were analyzed by WHONET 5. 6. RESULTS Totally 1671 strains of H. influenza were isolated from 2006 to 2015 in our hospital, and 86. 3% （1442/1671） of the strains came from sputums. The sensitive rates of H. influenza isolated from patients of chil- dren and adults to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim were the lowest, accounting for 33.8% and 47. 1%, followed by ampicillin of 46. 7% and 65. 4%, and the sensitive rates were all above 70. 0% to other antibiotics. CONCLUSION Most of the strains of H. influenzae in our hospital were isolated from respiratory tract. TMP/ SMZ and ampicillin were not suitable for experiential therapy of H. influenzae infection. Physicians should choose antibiotics according to the antimicrobial susceptibility test.