儿童呼吸道合胞病毒与肺炎支原体联合检测的应用研究

Application value of combined detection of respiratory syncytial virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children

目的探讨呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）与肺炎支原体（MP）联合检测在筛查住院儿童呼吸道病原菌中的应用价值及两者之间的相关性,为预防和控制高发季节RSV与MP暴发流行及院内感染提供可靠依据。方法运用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR）技术联合筛查检测2011年7月-2015年6月共3 956例住院儿童呼吸道感染病原菌RSV与MP;应用SPSS11.0统计软件进行数据处理。结果 2011-2015年RSV与MP联合检测总感染率为14.61%;RSV与MP总感染率分别为7.10%与7.33%;RSV与MP双重感染率为0.18%;在五种常见呼吸道疾病中,RSV与MP以支气管肺炎和急性支气管炎感染率最高;在五组不同年龄段患儿中,RSV与MP以1~5岁感染率最高。结论 RSV与MP联合检测大大提高了儿童呼吸道感染常见病原菌的检出率,弥补了双重感染漏检的不足;RSV与MP主要引起支气管肺炎,其次是急性支气管炎;RSV与MP的高发流行趋势相反,应引起临床高度重视;RSV易感染5岁以下儿童,MP易感染1~10岁儿童。

OBJECTIVE To explore the application value of combined detection of respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in screening of pathogens isolated from respiratory tracts of hospitalized children and analyze the correlation between the two so as to provide reliable basis for prevention and control of outbreak and prevalence of RSV and M. pneumoniae in high seasons as well as nosocomial infections. METHODS The fluores- cence quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction （FQ-PCR） technique was employed to conduct the combined detection of RSV and M. pneumoniae causing respiratory tract infections in the children who were hospitalized from Jul 2011 to Jun 2015. 3956 cases in total the statistical analysis of data was performed with the use of SPSS11.0 software. RESULTS The total infection rate of the combined detection of RSV and M. pneumoniae was 14.61% in 2011- 2015; the total infection rate of RSV was 7.10%, the total infection rate of M. pneumoniae was 7. 33% ; the double infection rate of RSV and M. pneumoniae was 0.18%. Among the five common respiratory diseases, the incidence of bronchopneumonia and acute bronchitis caused by the RSV and M. pneurnoniae was highest. Among the five age groups of children, the incidence of RSV and M. pneumoniae infection was highest in the children aged between 1 and 5 years old. CONCLUSION The combined detection of RSV and M. pneumoniae can remarkably raise the detection rate of the common pathogens causing respiratory tract infections in the children, which has avoided the missed detection of double infection. The bronchopneumonia is mainly caused by the RSV and M. pneumoniae, followed by the acute bronchitis. The high prevalence trend of the RSV is opposite to that of the M. pneumoniae, which should be attached great importance to. The children aged less than 5 years old tend to have RSV infection, while the children aged hetween 1 and 10 years old tend to have the M. pneumoniae infection.