2015年云南省儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率调查

Survey on children immunization program vaccine inoculation rate in 2015 in Yunnan province

[目的]了解云南省实施扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种率,为进一步促进免疫规划工作提供决策依据。[方法]采用整群分层抽样的方法,对云南省16个州（市）的42个县（市、区）、93个乡（镇）的1752名1~6岁儿童的免疫规划疫苗的接种情况进行问卷调查,对数据结果进行统计分析。[结果]全省儿童建证率、建卡率均达到95%以上,卡、证符合率87.31%。22剂次接种率低于90%的疫苗有：脊髓灰质炎（OPV）疫苗第4剂、百白破（DPT）疫苗第4剂、乙脑（JE）第2剂,A＋C群流脑（Men A＋C）疫苗第1、2剂,白破（DT）疫苗、甲肝（Hep A）疫苗。含麻疹组分（MCV）第1剂及时接种率81.45%。五苗（卡介苗BCG,OPV,DPT,MCV1、乙肝Hep B）全程合格接种率低于80%。5~6岁组、在家出生和居住≥3个月的流动儿童五苗全程合格接种率情况最差。[结论]全省常规免疫疫苗平均接种率维持在较高水平。但大年龄组、流动儿童疫苗接种率,含麻疹组分疫苗及时接种率,全程合格接种率均离目标要求有不同程度的差距,是今后工作的重点。

Objective To understand the implement and enlarge of national immunization program vaccine inoculation rate so as to provide basis for promoting immunization program （NEPI） in Yunnan province. Methods It used stratified cluster random sampling method. Investigated 1752 children aged from 1 to 6 years old from 93 townships in 42 counties. Results Both immunization card rate and immunization certificate rate were over 95% , and the coincidence rate was 87. 31%. Inoculation rate of 22nd dose which is lower than 90%, there were OPV4, DPT4, JE2, Men A ＋ C1, Men A ＋ C2, DT and HepA. The timely coverage of MCV1 was 81.45%. The coverage of five vaccine （BCG, OPV, DPT, MCV and HepB） was below 80%. Children who aged from 5 to 6 years old, born at home or resided over 3 months had the lowest coverage of the five vaccines. Conclusions The average coverage of vaccines remains in a high level. However, there is distance between qualified inoculation rate and target requirement. It is main focus of future work.