20个紫花苜蓿品种在河北地区的适应性评价

The adaptability evaluation of 20 alfalfa varieties in Hebei

在河北省沧县对20个国内外紫花苜蓿品种进行了田间品比试验,测定供试品种的株高、生长速率、物候期、干草产量及营养物质含量和营养物质产量。结果表明:在抗寒性方面,越冬率大于70%的品种有‘阿尔冈金’、‘TG4’、‘中苜3号’和‘TG3’,分别为77.48%,76.72%,75.00%和74.22%;品种间的物候期存在差异,‘阿尔冈金’、‘TG4’、‘中苜3号’、‘TG3’和‘骑士T’物候期较早,‘TG7’、‘42IQ’、‘59N59’和‘TG8’物候期较晚;在产量方面,‘中苜3号’、‘TG4’、‘甘农3号’和‘中苜1号’全年苜蓿干草总产量分别为14.41,13.37,13.23和13.16t/hm2,显著高于其他品种。产量与株高和月平均气温分别存在显著相关性,相关系数分别为0.763和0.814。在营养品质与干草产量方面,‘中苜3号’、‘甘农3号’、‘中苜1号’干草产量较高,但相对饲喂价值比较低,分别为143.61,148.15和159.43,因此牧草品质较差;‘WL319HQ’相对饲喂价值最高,为172.57,牧草品质突出,但其苜蓿干草总产量比较低。综合考虑,‘55V09’、‘TG3’、‘TG4’相对饲喂价值比较高,分别为170.14,167.34和163.92,全年苜蓿干草总产量相对较高,分别为12.59,12.63和13.37t/hm2,在河北地区是综合性比较好的类型。

In order to select the cultivated alfalfa that well adapted in Hebei,20 alfalfa varieties were planted in‘Qianying＇experiment field of Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry in 2014 winter.The plant height,over-wintering rate,phenophase,forage yield,content and yield of nutrition,such as crude protein（CP）,neutral detergent fiber（NDF）and acid detergent fiber（ADF）were evaluated.For cold resistance,‘Algonguin＇,‘TG4＇,‘Zhongmu No.3＇and‘TG3＇were stronger than others,with the over-wintering rate as 77.48%,76.72%,75.00%and 74.22%,respectively.The different alfalfa varieties had different phenophases.‘Zhongmu No.3＇,‘TG4＇,‘Gannong No.3＇and‘Zhongmu No.1＇had higher forage yield which was14.41,13.37,13.23 and 13.16t/hm2,respectively.The traits between yield and plant height had higher correlation,and the coefficient was 0.763.The forage yield was greatly influencedby the average monthly temperature,and the coefficient was 0.817.‘Although＇the‘Zhongmu No.3＇,‘Gannong No.3＇and‘Zhongmu No.1＇had higher forage yield,yet they had relatively lower RFV.For the‘WL319HQ＇,it had better RFV,but its forage yield was lower.Generally,‘55V09＇,‘TG3＇and‘TG4＇had higher forage yield and better RFV,that is,they were ideal alfalfa varieties in Hebei.