女大学生对口服避孕药的认知与态度现况研究

Study on cognition and attitude of female college students to oral contraceptives

目的了解高校女大学生对口服避孕药（OCS）的认知、态度,为提高女大学生对OCS的认知水平,减少误区提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法对桂林市3所高校在校女大学生进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析,率的比较采用χ^2检验。结果 80.58%的女大学生仅对OCS了解一点,完全不了解的占17.50%。OCS中紧急OCS的知晓率最高（62.67%）。对紧急OCS作用时间的知晓率为60.38%。73.46%的女大学生知晓OCS的不良反应为月经不调。女大学生对OCS不良反应的认知存在一定的误区,60.01%的认为OCS可导致不孕。仅1.66%的认为OCS安全有效,34.41%的认为OCS有不良反应而不去使用,72.93%的认为OCS弊大于利,81.25%的认为不可以经常服用OCS。医学生对OCS的认知和态度好于非医学生,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=15.16,P〈0.05）。88.21%的女大学生认为有必要了解OCS相关知识。女大学生了解OCS的主要途径是通过学校、网络等。结论女大学生对OCS的认知情况不甚理想,对OCS相关知识掌握不全面,对OCS的态度存在较明显的误区,高校的健康教育不能满足大学生的需求,应重视和加强健康教育及教育的系统性。

Objective To understand the cognition and attitude of female college students to oral contraceptives（ OCS）,provide a scientific basis for improving the cognitive level of female college students to OCS and reducing misunderstandings. Methods The female college students were selected from three colleges / universities in Guilin by stratified cluster sampling method,then a questionnaire survey was conducted,the data was statistically analyzed by SPSS 19. 0 software,χ^2 test was used to compare enumeration data. Results Among the female college students,only 80. 58% of them knew a little about OCS,17. 50% of them knew nothing about OCS. The awareness rate of emergency OCS was the highest（ 62. 67%） in OCS,the awareness rate of action time of emergency OCS was 60. 38%,73. 46% of them knew that one of the adverse reactions of OCS was irregular menstruation. There were certain misunderstandings in cogition of female college students to adverse reactions of OCS,60. 01% of them considered that OCS could induce infertility. Only 1. 66% of them cconsidered that OCS was safe and effective,34. 41% of them didn＇t apply OCS because of adverse reactions of OCS,72. 93% of them considered that OCS did more harm than good,81. 25% of them considered OCS chould not be used frequently. The cognition and attitude of medical students to OCS were better than those of non-medical students,there was statistically significant difference（ χ^2= 15. 16,P〈0. 05）; 88. 21% of them considered that it was necessary to understand OCS-related knowledge. The main ways for female college ctudents to understand OCS were schools and network. Conclusion The cognition of female college students to OCS is not ideal,they do not grasp the related knowledge of OCS comprehensively,and their attitudes to OCS have obvious misunderstandings. Health education in colleges can not meet the needs of college students,health education and education system should be paid more attention to and enhanced.