药源性中枢神经系统疾病1262例文献分析

Literature analysis of 1262 cases of drug-induced central nervous system diseases

目的:探讨药源性中枢神经系统疾病发生的规律和特点,为临床合理用药及治疗提供参考。方法:检索中文医药卫生期刊2000—2015年报道的药源性中枢神经系统疾病个案病例文献,并对其进行整理、汇总和分析。结果:抗感染药物和中枢神经系统药物发生最多。呼吸、消化、心血管系统疾病排在基础疾病的前三位。药源性中枢神经系统疾病发生在用药24 h以后的最多(61.89%),其发生后未经药物治疗与经药物治疗痊愈的病例数基本相当(43.26%,49.92%)。在未经药物治疗而痊愈的病例中,有363例明确记载了患者的转归时间,其中87.60%的患者在3 d之内痊愈。结论:临床中应警惕药源性中枢神经系统疾病的发生,一旦发生应首选停药等措施进行处理,多数患者能在短时间内恢复正常。

OBJECTIVE To supply a reference for drug safety in clinical practice by investigating regularities and characteristics of drug-induced central nervous system diseases.METHODS Literatures of drug-induced central nervous system diseases,published on Chinese medical periodicals during period of 2000 to 2015,were searched,collected,arranged and analyzed.RESULTS Anti-infective drugs and central nervous system drugs were mostly used.Respiratory,digestive and cardiovascular diseases ranked in top 3 of underlying diseases.Drug-induced central nervous system diseases mostly（61.89%）occurred 24 hours later.Untreated and healed cases treated by drugs showed basically equivalent numbers（43.26%,49.92%）.In healed cases not treated by drugs,363 cases had clear records of recovery time,and 87.60% of them recovered within 3 days.CONCLUSION Attentions should be paid to drug-induced central nervous system diseases,which should be firstly treated by withdrawing drugs,when most patients will recover within a short time.