高磷铁矿脱磷技术现状及磷资源化提取新方法

Advance in dephosphorisation of high phosphorus iron ore and new technology of recovering phosphorus as a resource

为了提高磷铁矿作为炼铁原料的使用率,对高磷铁矿中磷元素的降低和脱除技术（选矿法、化学浸出法、生物浸出法、高温脱磷法）的特点及发展现状进行了综合评述,并从磷的资源化利用的角度探讨其提取与利用的可能性。介绍了一种基于湿法酸浸-生物吸附方法提取高磷铁矿或高温脱磷渣中磷资源新工艺技术,对其基本原理、工艺流程与技术特点进行了讨论。该提磷新方法的最大优势在于可以从p H值为1~2的酸浸溶液中直接选择性地吸附脱磷,使酸液得以循环使用,而磷也可解吸成高纯度的磷酸盐得以回收,吸附剂本身则可以多次循环使用。

In order to make good use of huge amount of high phosphorous iron ore for the ironmaking industry, the characteristics and advances in the dephosphorization technologies of high phosphorus iron ore were introduced, such as mill run, chemical leaching, bio-leaching and high-temperature dephosphorization methods. The feasibility of recovering the phosphorus as a resource was discussed. A novel process based on the acid leaching and selective adsorption was proposed to recover the phosphorus from high phosphorus iron ore and slag after dephosphorization. The principle, the technological process and the characteristics were also stated in details. The best advantages of the proposed novel process to recover the phosphate resource from the acidic leach liquor of high phosphorus iron ore are as follows： firstly, direct enrichment of phosphate from the acidic leach liquor by using the novel adsorbents with a selective adsorption behavior, which means that only the phosphate is uptaken onto the adsorbent, saves the residual acid and reduces the acid consumption： secondly, high pure phosphate compound is obtained as the results of the selective adsorption by elution with alkaline solution, which makes the recovered phosphate product be able to be used as the high quality fertilizer in the agricultural fields, thirdly, reusing of adsorbents can be realized, which helps to reduce the material cost and environmental load. The above three merits of the novel process make it a unique and attractive route to recover the phosphate resource from the huge amount of iron ores in China.