某焦化厂污染场地环境损害评估案例研究

Environmental damage assessment case study of a cooking plant contaminated site

以某大型焦化厂土壤和地下水多环芳烃、苯污染损害评估为例,采用资源等值分析法分别开展场地土壤和地下水污染环境损害评估,并对评估结果的不确定性进行分析.结果表明,损害评估的数额(27.1亿元)与实际污染修复成本(20.5亿元)具有较大差异,损害评估额明显大于污染治理修复成本;社会贴现率的取值(1%~5%)选择对土壤污染损害评估结果影响最大,污染含水层厚度(3m^9m)、含水层孔隙度(0.25~0.35)、社会贴现率(1%~5%)和单位地下水修复成本(4000~5000元/m^2)等因子对地下水污染环境损害评估的结果影响较大.资源等值分析的方法作为评估工业场地土壤和地下水污染理论和技术上较为可行,但需要精细化的立法和明确的技术导则来规范损害评估的内容、程序和方法.

Taking a cooking plant site contaminated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons（PAHs）, benzene as example, soil and groundwater contamination damage assessment was carried out using Resources equivalency analysis（REA） methods, and uncertainty of results were also analyzed. The results show that, there is significant difference between the damage assessment results, which is 2.71 billion RMB, and actual site remediation cost, which is 2.05 billion RMB. The former is evidently larger than later. Social discount rate（1%-5%） influences the soil contamination damage assessment result most, and for groundwater, the most important factors are thickness of contaminated groundwater layer（3-9m）, porosity of aquifer（0.25-0.35）, social discount rate（1%-5%） and remediation cost per unit groundwater（4000-5000 Yuan/m-2）.ERA can be practically used to assess soil and groundwater contamination damage at contaminated industrial site, with a strong theoretically and technically basis. But we need refinement of legislation and specific technical guideline to standard the EDA content, process and method.