木材仿生超疏水功能化制备方法

Research progress and preparation methods of biomimetic functional superhydrophobic wood surfaces

超疏水表面是一类与水的接触角大于150°且接触角滞后小于10°的固体表面,其在基础研究和工业应用方面具有重大的研究和实用价值。通常情况下,超疏水表面可通过在疏水材料表面构建一定尺寸的粗糙结构或利用低表面能的物质对粗糙表面进行修饰而获得。本文综述木材超疏水表面的制备方法,主要概括了溶胶-凝胶法、水热合成法、湿化学方法、表面涂覆和溶液浸泡法等的应用情况,讨论了超疏水木质基表面研发中存在的问题,探讨了该研究领域的发展趋势。

The superhydrophobic surfaces with the water contact angle greater than 150° and the contact angle hysteresis less than 10° have aroused a considerable interest in the scientific and industrial community due to their great importance in the fundamental research and the potential industrial applications. Generally speaking, the superhydrophobic surfaces can be fabricated by creating a rough structure on a hydrophobic material surface or modifying a rough surface with a special low surface energy material. This paper reviews the preparation methods based on superhydrophobic wood sciences, as well as the applications of the sol-gel processing, the hydrothermal synthesis processing, the wet chemical method, the surface coating technology and the solution-immersion process, and some suggestions about how the field is likely to advance in future are made. Some problems in the present stage, and the development in the future are discussed.