高强度超疏水性杨木材料的构建

Preparation of poplar with robust superhydrophobicity

针对超疏水性材料应用过程中性能不够持久的问题,以杨木为例,通过实验研究了具有高强度超疏水性能的杨木材料的构建。采用真空加压方法将二氧化硅合成原料注入杨木内部,使正硅酸乙酯、氨水、乙醇在杨木微米级导管内发生溶胶-凝胶作用而生成SiO_2纳米粒子,在不破坏杨木原本结构的情况下实现二氧化硅与木材的复合,使杨木材料形成更强健的二维多级粗糙结构,并经十八烷基三氯硅烷修饰使杨木材料表面获得高强度的超疏水性能。检测结果表明,该超疏水性杨木材料样品在水、腐蚀性液体(酸液/碱液)、常见有机溶剂中以及一些常见条件下均保持了优异的超疏水特性能。

The superhydrophobic materials suffer from many shortcomings in the practical use, especially, the poor durability. We use a vacuum-pressure impregnation method to treat the poplar with the synthetic raw material of silica. In the vessels of poplar, the silica nanospheres are then generated through a sol-gel process of the TEOS in the ammonium hydroxide and the ethanol, to create a robust hierarchical rough structure on the wood, as well as the microvessels of poplar. After the decoration, the poplar exhibits not only an excellent water repellency but also a more outstanding durability. The superhydrophobic product during the air exposure, the immersion（in water, acid/alkaline liquid or common organic solvent） and the washing tests still displays an excellent superhydrophobicity.