产蛋及喂料行为对蛋鸡体核和体表温度的影响

Effects of Oviposition and Feeding Behavior on Core and Skin Temperature of Laying Hens

本试验旨在研究产蛋和喂料行为对蛋鸡体核和体表温度的影响及昼夜变化。选取34周龄京红蛋鸡12只,每2只为一笼,饲养于环境控制舱内（温度维持20℃,相对湿度60%）,实行16L：8D的光照制度,每日饲喂2次。使用微型温度记录仪每3min测定1次蛋鸡体核和体表温度,连续测定48h。使用数字红外录像机观察并记录蛋鸡产蛋和喂料时间。经重复测量方差分析得出：1）产蛋行为显著影响蛋鸡体核温度（P〈0.001）,对体表温度有影响趋势（P=0.082）。其中产蛋过程中平均体核温度比产蛋前和产蛋后分别提高0.21℃和0.37℃（P〈0.01）;体表温度比产蛋前有升高趋势（P=0.058）。2）喂料行为对蛋鸡体核（P=0.01）和体表温度（P=0.006）均有显著影响。与喂料前1h相比,喂料后1~2h蛋鸡平均体核、体表温度升高0.12℃和0.35℃（P〈0.05）,2h后体温恢复正常（P〉0.05）。3）蛋鸡白天不同时间段内（11：00-12：00、15：00-16：00、19：00-20：00）体核和体表温度无显著差异（P〉0.05）,但显著高于夜间（23：00-24：00、03：00-04：00）体温（P〈0.01）。产蛋及喂料行为显著提高蛋鸡的体核、体表温度。以体温为指标研究和评价蛋鸡温热环境舒适程度时,应避免产蛋、喂料行为的干扰。

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of oviposition and feeding behavior on core and skin temperature of laying hens and diurnal variation of core and skin temperature of laying hens.Twelve Jing Hong laying hens aged 34 weeks were assigned to 6cages,one cage included2 birds and were kept at environmental control chambers（ambient temperature：20℃,relative humidity：60%）.All hens were exposed to 16L：8Duntil the end of experiment and fed twice a day.Miniature temperature data loggers were used to measure the core and skin temperature,and the data was recorded every 3minutes,which lasted 48 h.The time of oviposition and feeding were recorded by digital infrared video camera.The analysis results by repeated measurement showed as follows：1）Oviposition had effect on the core temperature（P〈0.001）and the skin temperature（P=0.082）.Thereinto,the core temperature of egg-laying period was 0.21℃ higher than that of pre-laying（P〈0.01）and 0.37 ℃ higher than that of post-laying（P〈0.01）.Compared with thepre-laying period,the skin temperature of egg-laying period had a tendency to increase（P =0.058）.2）Feeding had significant effect on the core（P=0.01）and skin temperature（P=0.006）.Compared with the core and skin temperature of the 1hbefore feeding,the core and skin temperature of the 1-2hafter feeding increased 0.12 ℃（P〈0.05）and 0.35 ℃（P〈0.05）,respectively;2hafter feeding,the core and skin temperature were back to normal.3）During the day（11：00-12：00,15：00-16：00,19：00-20：00）,the core and skin temperature had no significant differences（P〉0.05）,which significantly higher than that during the night（23：00-24：00,03：00-04：00,P〈0.01）.In conclusion,the oviposition and feeding behavior significantly improved the core and skin temperature.Therefore,evaluating the comfortable level on the basis of body temperature in laying hens,the interference of oviposition and feeding should be avoided.