高脂饲粮对生长育肥猪肉品质和骨骼肌蛋白质组的影响

Effects of High-fat Diet on Meat Quality Traits and Skeletal Muscle Proteome of Growing-finishing Pigs

本试验旨在研究高脂饲粮对生长育肥猪肉品质和骨骼肌蛋白质组的影响。选择20头平均体重为(73.28±0.57)kg的生长育肥猪,随机分为对照组(对照饲粮,含10.0%玉米淀粉)和试验组(高脂饲粮,含10.0%猪油),每个处理10个重复,每个重复1头猪,试验期42d。研究饲粮脂肪含量对生长育肥猪生长性能、肉品质和骨骼肌蛋白质表达谱差异的影响。结果表明:高脂饲粮显著提高了生长育肥猪的平均日增重(P<0.05),并降低了料重比(P<0.01)。骨骼肌pH_(45min)、pH_(24h)、肌内脂肪含量、亮度、红度、黄度、蒸煮损失、滴水损失和剪切力不受饲粮脂肪含量的影响(P>0.05)。蛋白质组学分析表明,饲喂高脂饲粮上调了生长育肥猪骨骼肌中钙网蛋白、肌球蛋白重链、加帽蛋白、丙酮酸激酶、烯醇化酶、乳酸脱氢酶、磷酸丙糖异构酶、腺苷酸激酶、载脂蛋白A和B、脂肪酸结合蛋白、热休克蛋白27ku和70ku等蛋白质的表达量,但下调了肌球蛋白轻链和磷酸葡萄糖变位酶蛋白质的表达量。由此可见,采食高脂饲粮可显著改善生长育肥猪的生长性能,并上调骨骼肌中与脂质代谢、葡萄糖和能量代谢等生物学功能相关的蛋白质表达量。

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of high-fat（HF）diet on meat quality traits and skeletal muscle proteome of growing-finishing pigs.Twenty growing-finishing pigs with an average initial BW of（73.28±0.57）kg were randomly allocated to control group（control diet,supplemented with 10.0% cornstarch）and treatment group（high-fat diet,supplemented with 10.0%lard）to study the effect of dietary fat content on growth performance,meat quality traits and skeletal muscle proteome of growing-finishing pigs.There were 10 replicates in each treatment group with 1pig per replicate.The experiment lasted 42 d.The results showed that pigs fed the HF diet had a greater average daily gain（P〈0.05）,but a lower ratio of feed to gain than pigs fed the control diet（P〈0.01）.The pH45 min,pH24h,intramuscular fat content,lightness,redness,yellowness,cooking loss,drip loss and shear force in skeletal muscle of pigs were not affected by dietary fat content（P〉0.05）.Proteomic analysis revealed that pigs fed theHF diet had greater expression levels of calreticulin,myosin heavy chain,capping protein,pyruvate kinase,enolase,L-lactate dehydrogenase,triosephosphate isomerase,adenylate kinase,apolipoprotein A and B,fatty acid binding protein and heat shock protein 27 and 70ku,but lower expression levels of myosin light chain and phosphoglucomutase than pigs fed the control diet.In conclusion,the HF feeding could improve the growth performance,and upregulate the expression levels of proteins related to lipid metabolism,glucose and energy metabolism in skeletal muscle of growing-finishing pigs.