稀性泥石流水跃现象中能量耗散率研究

Research on Energy Dissipation Rate of Hydraulic Jump Phenomena of Dilute Debris Flow

基于流体力学水跃理论,针对陡坎地形对稀性泥石流的消能作用建立物理模型进行理论推导,提出陡坎地形下稀性泥石流动能耗散率理论公式。此外,引入权纵比降概念来表达沟道地形对泥石流势能转化为动能的能力大小。通过对陡坎地形条件下稀性泥石流能量耗散率的理论推导,揭示了稀性泥石流陡坎地形能量变化的方式和过程,有助于泥石流的治理及预警预报。

The process and mechanism of debris flow energy dissipation is one of the debris flow kinematics scientific questions. For mechanical energy consumption of debris flow and reducing the harm, human have done various attempts on mud-rock flow prevention and control measures of block dam and energy dissipation slot. Based on the theory of fluid mechanics of hydraulic jump, the paper established physical model of the effect of scarp terrain about dilute debris flow energy dissipation, and proposed theory formula of dilute debris flow energy dissipation rate with scarp terrain; In addition, this paper introduced the concept of ＂weighting gradient＂ to describe the capacity of debris flow potential energy into kinetic energy. The energy dissipation rate theory of debris flow deduction at thin scarp terrain conditions had a certain scientific value to get a further understanding of characteristics of dilute debris flow dynamic.