黄河甘肃段排污权初始配置研究

Study on Initial Allocation of Emission Rights in Gansu Section of the Yellow River

在评价排污权配置准则的基础上,确定黄河甘肃段排污权配置模式和"持续优先,兼顾效率与公平"的配置准则。选择污水处理率等13个指标,对主要污染物化学需氧量和氨氮采用AHP法和熵值法进行了配置,结果表明:52个配置单元中,这两类污染物在熵值法后有24个单元高于AHP法的配置量,有26个单元低于AHP法的配置量,2个配置单元基本持平,两种方法体现了水环境保护的不同理念;AHP法包含强力推进污染治理的蕴意,更加注重水资源的可持续利用与经济社会的长远发展;熵值法配置的结果本质上遵从了以现状为主,兼顾公平与效率的准则,是一种"先污染,后治理"甚至不重视治理观念的体现。同时,提出了由熵值法下配置方案向层次分析法下配置方案过渡的建议。

The emission right allocation model is selected with the Yellow River in Gansu section based on an assessment of allocation standard which is continuous priority, efficiency and fairness. By choosing 13 explanatory variables such as waste water treatment ratio and using AHP method and entropy method, the environmental capacity of Chemical Oxygen Demand （COD） and Ammonia N （AN） was decided. The results show that two kinds of 24 units are higher by using entropy method than that of analytic hierarchy, 26 units in contrast and 2 equal in all the 52 units. Two methods reflect the different ideas of water environment protection. AHP contains strongly pollution governance meaning, pay more attention to the sustainable utilization of water resources and eco-social long-term development. Entropy result essentially follows to the status, gives consideration to fairness and efficiency. In other words, it is a kind of pollution first and treatment later, even takes no account of the idea of governance. A series of suggestions are put forward that is a transition scheme of entropy method to analysis hierarchy.