不同灌溉定额对枸杞生长和产量的影响

The Influence of Different Irrigation Quota on Growth and Yield of Wolfberry

针对宁夏同心县枸杞灌溉水资源紧缺的生产实际,采用大田滴灌试验,研究了不同灌溉定额、不同种植方式(覆膜和不覆膜)对枸杞的生长及产量的影响。研究结果表明:1灌溉定额为1 620m3/hm2时,枸杞枝条长度最大;覆膜与不覆膜枸杞枝条生长速度均在开花初期最快;与覆膜相比,不覆膜的枸杞枝条生长速度峰值推迟10d出现;2覆膜和不覆膜条件下,灌溉定额为1 620m3/hm2时叶绿素含量均最高;灌溉定额一定时,覆膜的叶绿素含量高于不覆膜的;3覆膜和不覆膜条件下,灌溉定额为1 620m3/hm2时,枸杞产量均最高;当灌溉定额小于等于1 620m3/hm2时,覆膜的产量比不覆膜的高,当灌溉定额大于1 620m3/hm2时,覆膜的产量比不覆膜的低;当灌溉定额小于等于1 620m3/hm2时,枸杞产量随着灌水量的增加而增加,当灌溉定额大于1 620m3/hm2时,枸杞产量随着灌水量的增加而降低,说明过多的灌水不利于枸杞生长。覆膜滴灌条件下,灌溉定额为1 620m3/hm2适合在当地枸杞高效节水生产中推广应用。

According to the water resources shortage situation of Tongxin County, the effects of different irrigation quota and differ- ent planting patterns （plastic film mulching and no mulching） on wolfberry fruit growth and yield are studied through a field test. The results show that： ①when the irrigation quota is 1 620 ma/hm2, the branches of wolfberry can get the maximum length; the branch growth rate is the fastest in early flowering stage for both the mulching mode and no mulching mode; the branch growth rate peak of no mulching mode delays 10 days than mulching mode;②under both film mulching and no mulching conditions, when the ir rigation quota is 1 620 ma/hme, the chlorophyll content is the highest; under the same irrigation quota, the chlorophyll content of mulching mode is higher than that of no mulching mode; ③）under both film mulching and no mulching conditions, when the irrigation quota is 1 620 ma/hm2 , the wolfberry yield is the highest; when the irrigation quota is less than or equals 1 620 ma/hm2 , the output of mulching mode is higher than that of no mulching mode, and the output increases with the increase of the irrigation amount ; when the irrigation quota is larger than 1 620 ma/hm2 , the output of no mulching mode is higher than that of mulching mode, and the out put decreases with the increase of the irrigation amount, which indicates that too much irrigation amount is not conducive to the wolf- berry growth. So it can be concluded that under mulch drip irrigation, the irrigation quota of 1 620 ma/hm2 is suitable for the popu- larization and application of local wolfberry high efficiency water saving production.