近10年国家审定水稻品种分析

Analysis of the Nationally Registered Rice Varieties in the Last Decade

分析了2006—2015年国审水稻品种情况。10 a间平均每年审定49.4个品种。在品种结构上,三系杂交稻品种比例呈现下降趋势,两系杂交稻品种比例快速增长;科研院校选育的品种数量呈下降趋势,以种业公司为主体的商业化育种快速发展,逐渐成为水稻育种的主要模式。在品质结构上,审定的常规稻品种优质率较高,杂交稻优质率呈下降趋势,品质改良亟需加强。

The nationally registered rice varieties during 2006 ~ 2015 were analyzed and there were 49. 4 varieties on average anually registered in the last decade. In terms of the structure of varieties,there was a decreasing trend for the proportion of three-line hybrid rice varieties but a rapid increase for that of two-line hybrid rice varieties.The percentage of rice varieties developed by scientific research institutions was decreasing but that developed by seed companies kept a rapid increase,indicating the commercial breeding conducted by seed companies has become a principal model in rice breeding. With regard to grain quality of varieties,the conventional rice varieties showed an increasing trend while the hybrid rice varieties had a decreasing trend in the proportion of high quality varieties,indicating hybrid rice needs improving more in grain quality in breeding programs.