《巴黎协定》后美国应对气候变化的总体部署及中美气候合作展望

Current State of the U.S.President's Climate Action Plan and Future Perspectives on China-U.S.Climate Cooperation

2015年底,联合国气候变化大会达成《巴黎协定》,成为全球应对气候变化的新里程碑,但美国国内关于气候变化的政治态度和政策环境却并未因《巴黎协定》的达成而出现大的变化。一方面联邦政府继续按照"总统气候行动计划"的部署从减少温室气体排放、应对不利影响和领导国际合作三大方向系统地推进应对气候变化工作,包括力推发电厂二氧化碳排放标准等举措;另一方面,气候变化在美国仍是严重极化的议题,大多数国会共和党人和民间保守派仍对气候变化持怀疑和否定态度,并从立法、预算等环节设置障碍,阻挠政府应对气候变化措施的有效实施。对于中美气候合作而言,无论美国总统大选结果如何,后《巴黎协定》时代的中美气候合作均有进一步深化和拓展的空间,尤其是在政治敏感度较小的科技和能力建设等领域。

The adoption of the Paris Agreement at the UNFCCC meeting last December is widely considered a milestone in global efforts combating climate change. However, the domestic policy environment on climate change in U.S. hasn＇t changed much. The federal government full charges in implementing the actions and targets set in the President＇s Climate Action Plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and prepare for the climate impacts domestically, and to strengthen its international leadership intemationally, while the republican congress and conservatives are still doubting and impeding the federal measures in all possible ways. As regards to China-U.S. climate cooperation, it＇s still promising in further deepening and expanding, especially in the area of S＆T cooperation and capacity building cooperation, no matter who will be elected as the new president.