汽车用火花塞低温适用性的试验研究

Experimental Study on the Applicability of Automotive Spark Plugs in Low Temperature

高性能增压汽油发动机的早燃常常在低速大负荷工况下发生,并导致非常高的缸内压力,严重时会造成发动机本体的损伤。经过早燃试验验证,发现燃烧室内的局部热点是导致早燃产生的主要因素之一,火花塞作为不易冷却的热点,在发动机开发中需要进行火花塞热值的匹配工作。高性能增压汽油发动机相对于自燃吸气汽油发动机对低速扭矩进行了大幅提升,致使火花塞的热值选择更倾向于偏冷型,使得火花塞承受热负荷的能力更强,散热能力较好。但火花塞易出现积炭,且低温冷起动易受到影响。针对火花塞低温适用性的试验研究势在必行。

High-performance turbocharged petrol engine, preignition always occurs in the low speed and heavy load conditions, which leads to a very high pressure in cylinder, even will cause serious damage of engine body. After early combustion test, the local hot spots of the combustion chamber is found to be one of the main factors causing preignition, spark plug as difficult cooling of the hot spots, need to be matched with calorific value in the engine development. High-performance turbocharged petrol engine compared to spontaneous inspiratory gasoline engine is improved greatly to torque in low speed so that the calorific value choice of the spark plug tends to more slant cold type, which make the spark plug have stronger ability to withstand the heat load and better heat dissipation ability. However, the spark plug is easy to appear carbon deposit, and easy to be affected in low temperature cold up. In view of the spark plug temperature suitability test research is imperative.