从民族到故乡——从身份建构维度论德语地区保护理论的演变

From ‘Volk’ to ‘Heimat’ German Identity and Theoretical Evolution of Architectural Preservation in German-Speaking Areas

讨论了与保护理念息息相关的概念:民族(v o l k)的认同与遗产保护思想的萌芽;德约、里格尔、德沃夏克关于保护的起源和实践的争论;故乡(heimat)的愿景与对于历史环境的关注;以及二战后的德国,如何用重建这一"非历史"的手法实践了当代保护从保护"真实"走向保护"意义"的转变。通过上述解读,阐释了德语区遗产保护的理论与身份建构维度的紧密联系,丰满了遗产保护理论史的架构。

This paper investigates the German concepts of preservation in a chronological order： the identity of race （yolk） which generated the idea of preservation, the continuing influence of Dehio, Reigl and Dvorak on the origins and practice of preservation, the nostalgia of homeland （heimat） which brought concerns on historical settings, and post-war reconstruction considered as an unhistorical strategy to deal with the devastation caused by warfare, a shift of contemporary theory from the preservation of authenticity to that of significance. It enriches the framework of architectural preservation theories by elucidating on the close interrelation between the theories in German-speaking areas to identity construction.