新加坡教育治理体系探析

Exploring Singapore Educational Governance System

新加坡通过不断的教育改革为其成为高度国际化国家奠定了坚实的基础,其教育治理的内容和理念值得关注。新加坡教育治理总体特征是政府强势主导、社会积极配合、民众有效参与。精英教育是其总体内核,效率优先是制度运行的重要特色,逐层竞争制是教育的外在表现形式,其实质是英式现代教育与中国考试传统的有机融合。新加坡主张因材施教,重视职业技能人才的培养。新加坡通过各种类型政府奖学金等方式构建涵盖初等、中等和高等教育的国民教育资助体系,并将有限的教育资源倾斜于精英教育,包括对国际学生的培养。由于教育类型与层次的交互性差,该治理体系易导致阶层固化、缺乏活力。

Singapore has laid a solid foundation for its high degree of international state through continuous education reform. The general characteristics of education governance in Singapore is the government＇s strong leadership, social active coordination, and effective participation of the public. Elite education is the whole kernel, giving priority to efficiency of the operation of the system. Competition at different levels is the external manifestation of the education, its essence is the organic integration of British modern education and traditional Chinese talent screening examination. It advocates individualized education and pay more attention to the training of skilled occupational personnel. Singapore has various types of government scholarships covering elementary, secondary and higher education through national education funding system, and the limited education resources tilt on the elite education, including the cultivation of international students. Because the interaction between types and levels of education is poor, the governance system is easy to cause the stratum solidification and the lack of vitality.