1Goffman, Erving. 1963. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
2Link, Bruce G. and Jo C. Phelan. 2001. "Conceptualizing Stigma. " Annual Review of Sociology 27:363-385.
3Henderson, Taja-Nia Y. 2005. "New Frontiers in Fair Lending: Confronting Lending Discrimination against Ex-Offend-ers. " New York University Law Review 80:1237-1271.
4Uggen, Christopher and Sara Wakefield. 2005. "Young Adults Reentering the Community from the Criminal Justice Sys- tem: The Challenge of Becoming an Adult. " Pp. 114-144 in On your Own without a Net: The Transition to Adulthood for Vulner- able Populations, edited by D. W. Osgood, E. M. Foster, C. Flanagan, and G. R. Ruth. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
5See Petersilia, Joan. 2003. When Prisoners Come Home: Parole and Prisoner Reentry. New York: Oxford University Press.
6Travis, Jeremy. 2005. But They All Come Back : Facing the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry. Washington, DC : The Urban Institute Press.
7Walmsley, Roy. 2010. World Prison Population List. 9th ed. Retrieved 5 May 2012: (http ://www. idcr. org. uk/wp- content/uploads/2010/09/WPPL-9 -22. pdf).
8Walmsley, Roy. 2010. World Prison Population List. 9th ed. Retrieved 5 May 2012: (http://www. idcr. org. uk,/wp- content/uploads/2010/09/WPPL-9 -22. pdf).
9Vagg, Jon. 1998. "Delinquency and Shame: Data from Hong Kong. " British Journal of Criminology 38:247-264.
10Link, Bruce G. and J o C. Phelan. 2001. "Conceptualizing Stigma. " Annual Review of Sociology 27:363-385.
