功能化磁性纳米吸附剂在环境方面的应用研究进展

Recent Progress on the Use of Functionalizational Magnetic Nano-adsorbents in Environmental Applications

基于磁性纳米颗粒(MNPs)独特的物理和化学性质,把它作为吸附材料为解决环境问题的研究越来越受到广泛关注。通过其表面官能团修饰制备出不同类型的磁性纳米吸附剂,可以除去废水中大量的有机和无机污染物,吸附性能远远超出了传统吸附材料。然而,磁性纳米基吸附技术的成功实施需要对磁性回收阶段,再生过程和废弃再生溶液及废弃吸附剂的的管理进行全面的评估和优化。对近年来国内外使用磁性纳米吸附剂去除废水中的重金属和染料整个过程做了全面的论述。此外,也分析了磁性回收方法的选择和可能的策略以便用于纳米材料的再生和重复使用。

The application of magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs) as adsorbent materials in solving environmental problems has recently received great attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties, which make them superior to traditional adsorbents. The ability of functionalization by anchoring specific functional groups on their surface makes possible the synthesis of different types of engineered MNPs for the removal of a large number of both organic and inorganic contaminants.However, the successful implementation of the MNPs-base adsorption technology needs of the evaluation and optimization of the magnetic recovery stages, the regeneration process and the management of both the spent regeneration solution and the exhausted adsorbent. This work presents a comprehensive review on the use of MNPs in the treatment of polluted wastewaters with toxic metals and dyes. In addition, the magnetic recovery options and the possible strategies that can be employed for the nanomaterials regeneration and reuse are analyzed.